Shaper Machine Types and Operation
Shaper Machine Types and Operation :- Shaper machine are classified into various categories based on their mode:
- Depending on to drive mechanism i.e. geared, crank or hydraulic types.
- Based on the table design.
- Depending on the position of ram travelled ( or position & motion of the ram).
Types of Shaper Machine
A) Depending on to Drive Mechanism
- Crank Type Shaper
- Geared Type Shaper
- Hydraulic Type Shaper
1. Crank Type Shaper: ( Types of Shaper Machine )
This types is very easily availability & most commonly used type. In this type crank mechanism is utilized to change the rotary motion of bull gear into the reciprocating motion of the ram. Ram is equipped with tool head at the end to obtain desired cutting or shaping operation, while length of the stroke is equal to the total length travelled by reciprocating tool.
2. Geared Type Shaper: ( Types of Shaper Machine )
Geared types machines are not often used in the industry( but some of them uses it).Gear types machine consist of rack & piston arrangement is utilized to make ram reciprocating for the cutting operation. No of gear with their arrangement in the gear train decides the speed and direction of traverse of cutting machine respectively.
3. Hydraulic Type Shaper: ( Types of Shaper Machine )
Hydraulic type machine utilized the double acting cylinder with one single piston rod & spool type control which is interchanged or moved by securing lever. The hydraulic power pack is supplied to pressurized oil to the spool type control valve, position of the valve decides the oil travels or delivers to which end head end or piston rod end of the cylinder.
The cylinder is constructed on to the equipment in such a way that forward stroke decides the oil is delivered to head end of the cylinder or reverse or return stroke decides the oil delivery to the rod end of the cylinder. Reverse stroke is much quicker than the forward stroke because of the differences in annular area of the head & piston rod of the cylinder.
Several addition control may be required to the structure to the machine to enhance the performance of shaper machine.
B) Based on the Table Design
- Universal Shaper
- Standard Shaper
1. Universal Shaper: ( Types of Shaper Machine )
Universal shaper means feed can be directly fed or entered through vertically, horizontally or inclined to any angle. The table is also equipped with swivel for rotation of its own axis.
2. Standard Shaper: ( Types of Shaper Machine )
Standard shaper are commonly used in the industry as well as educational institution in which forward stroke is cutting stroke & reverse stroke is ideal stroke. This return or reverse stroke is given by whit worth quick return motion mechanism.
C) Depending upon the Position of Ram Travelled(Motion of the Ram)
- Horizontal Shaper
- Vertical Shaper
1. Horizontal Shaper: ( Types of Shaper Machine )
In this type of shaper machine having tool head is in connection with ram ends which are revolving in horizontal axis of the bed. Horizontal shaper is generally used to generate flat surface.
2. Vertical Shaper: ( Types of Shaper Machine )
In this type of shaper machine in which work piece to be placed on the machine is fixed with worktable. These work pieces can be movable in longitudinal, cross or rotational equipment.
